【原创】matplotlib初学习

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此案例程序如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding:utf-8
"""
   Author:  Chaos --<Chaosimpler@gmail.com>
   Purpose: 修改Matplotlib的后端，实现在Tkinter的GUI绘制图像
   Created: 2014-10-15
"""
import numpy as np
from tkinter import *
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

# 在[0,100]范围内随机生成sampleCount个数据点
x = np.arange(0.0, 1.0, 0.01)
y = (1 + np.sin(2 * np.pi * x))
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
def drawPic():
    global x,y
    """
    获取GUI界面设置的参数，利用该参数绘制图片
    """
    # 获取GUI界面上的参数
    try:
        sampleCount = float(inputEntry.get())
    except:
        sampleCount = 1
        #print( '请输入整数')
        '请输入整数'
        inputEntry.delete(0, END)
        inputEntry.insert(0, '1')

    # 清空图像，以使得前后两次绘制的图像不会重叠
    drawPic.f.clf()
    drawPic.a = drawPic.f.add_subplot(111)

 #   x =np.concatenate((x,[x[-1]+0.01]))
    x=np.append(x,x[-1]+0.01)

  #  y = np.concatenate((y, [sampleCount]))
    y = np.append(y, sampleCount)#向Y数组中添加元素

    # 绘制这些随机点的散点图，颜色随机选取
    drawPic.a.plot(x,y,label="val",color = 'r')

    # leg = plt.legend(loc='best', ncol=2, mode="expand", shadow=True, fancybox=True)
    # leg.get_frame().set_alpha(0)#透明度
    leg = drawPic.a.legend(loc='upper right' ,ncol=1, mode="None", shadow=True, fancybox=True)
    leg.get_frame().set_alpha(0)
    #drawPic.a.legend(x, y, s=3)
  #  drawPic.a.legend()
    drawPic.a.set_title('value')
    drawPic.canvas.show()
 #   drawPic.f.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    #matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
    root = Tk()

    # 在Tk的GUI上放置一个画布，并用.grid()来调整布局
    drawPic.f = Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=150)
    drawPic.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(drawPic.f, master=root)
    drawPic.canvas.show()
    drawPic.canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0, columnspan=3)#第0行，占用3列

    # 放置标签、文本框和按钮等部件，并设置文本框的默认值和按钮的事件函数
    Label(root, text='请输入样本数量：').grid(row=1, column=0)
    inputEntry = Entry(root)
    inputEntry.grid(row=1, column=1)
    inputEntry.insert(0, '1')
    Button(root, text='画图', command=drawPic).grid(row=1, column=2, columnspan=3)
 #   Button(root,text="增加",command=insbut).gird(row=2)

    # 启动事件循环
    root.mainloop()

#!/usr/bin/env python

# coding:utf-8

"""

Author: Chaos --<Chaosimpler@gmail.com>

Purpose: 修改Matplotlib的后端，实现在Tkinter的GUI绘制图像

Created: 2014-10-15

"""

import numpy as np

from tkinter import *

import matplotlib

from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg

from matplotlib.figure import Figure

# 在[0,100]范围内随机生成sampleCount个数据点

x = np.arange(0.0, 1.0, 0.01)

y = (1 + np.sin(2 * np.pi * x))

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

def drawPic():

global x,y

"""

获取GUI界面设置的参数，利用该参数绘制图片

"""

# 获取GUI界面上的参数

try:

sampleCount = float(inputEntry.get())

except:

sampleCount = 1

#print( '请输入整数')

'请输入整数'

inputEntry.delete(0, END)

inputEntry.insert(0, '1')

# 清空图像，以使得前后两次绘制的图像不会重叠

drawPic.f.clf()

drawPic.a = drawPic.f.add_subplot(111)

# x =np.concatenate((x,[x[-1]+0.01]))

x=np.append(x,x[-1]+0.01)

# y = np.concatenate((y, [sampleCount]))

y = np.append(y, sampleCount)#向Y数组中添加元素

# 绘制这些随机点的散点图，颜色随机选取

drawPic.a.plot(x,y,label="val",color = 'r')

# leg = plt.legend(loc='best', ncol=2, mode="expand", shadow=True, fancybox=True)

# leg.get_frame().set_alpha(0)#透明度

leg = drawPic.a.legend(loc='upper right' ,ncol=1, mode="None", shadow=True, fancybox=True)

leg.get_frame().set_alpha(0)

#drawPic.a.legend(x, y, s=3)

# drawPic.a.legend()

drawPic.a.set_title('value')

drawPic.canvas.show()

# drawPic.f.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':

#matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

root = Tk()

# 在Tk的GUI上放置一个画布，并用.grid()来调整布局

drawPic.f = Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=150)

drawPic.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(drawPic.f, master=root)

drawPic.canvas.show()

drawPic.canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0, columnspan=3)#第0行，占用3列

# 放置标签、文本框和按钮等部件，并设置文本框的默认值和按钮的事件函数

Label(root, text='请输入样本数量：').grid(row=1, column=0)

inputEntry = Entry(root)

inputEntry.grid(row=1, column=1)

inputEntry.insert(0, '1')

Button(root, text='画图', command=drawPic).grid(row=1, column=2, columnspan=3)

# Button(root,text="增加",command=insbut).gird(row=2)

# 启动事件循环

root.mainloop()

模式：水平扩展或无

向x数组中添加元素的两种方法：

#  x =np.concatenate((x,[x[-1]+0.01]))
   x=np.append(x,x[-1]+0.01)

1 2	# x =np.concatenate((x,[x[-1]+0.01])) x=np.append(x,x[-1]+0.01)

https://www.cnblogs.com/cymwill/p/8118135.html

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